[NIFL-POVRACELIT:1420] News from the National Poverty Center - September '04

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Visit the NPC Web site at www.npc.umich.edu  

Call for proposals: Small Grants - Race/Ethnicity, Immigration, and Poverty

The NPC seeks proposals that will broaden our understanding of the relationships between race, ethnicity, immigration, and poverty.

We anticipate funding up to 5 proposals, up to a maximum of $20,000 per award. Drafts of funded research will be presented at a conference in Ann Arbor in late January 2006. Grantees will also be invited to attend a larger NPC-produced research conference on race/ethnicity, immigration, and poverty. Researchers who earned their doctoral degrees within the previous six years are especially encouraged to apply.  Details, application instructions, and past recipients.

DEADLINE: February 15, 2005

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Call for applications: Visiting Scholars

We are currently accepting applications for a Visiting Scholars Program for faculty, researchers, and policy analysts. Although the NPC does not have funds to support travel or research expenses or salary of visiting scholars, we can provide up to 3 visitors at a time with shared office space, access to computers, and opportunities to interact with NPC affiliates and attend events on the University of Michigan campus. Details and application instructions

DEADLINE: September 15, 2004 for visitors during Winter 2005 (January 1, 2005 to May 31, 2005).

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Call for applications: NPC Research Affiliates

The NPC seeks to expand our affiliates network to include a limited number of poverty research scholars. Applicants should have already published at least a few papers within the poverty research field before applying. Details and application instructions.

DEADLINE: November 1, 2004.

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Recent additions to our Working Paper Series

- How Sensitive is the Geographic Distribution of Poverty to Cost of Living Differences? An Analysis of the Fair Market Rents Index. Dean Jolliffe, Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture (#04-13). This paper uses a spatial price index based on the Fair Market Rent (FMR) data to examine how accounting for cost of living differences across metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas affects measured rates of poverty. The headcount, poverty gap, and squared poverty gap measures from the Foster-Greer-Thorbecke family of poverty measures provide comparisons of measures that vary in degree of sensitivity to changes in the income distribution of the poor. In every year since the Federal government began tracking poverty, the headcount measure has been higher in nonmetro than metro areas. The metro-nonmetro difference in poverty has been significantly less pronounced when considering the squared poverty gap measure indicating that disproportionately more of the nonmetropolitan poor subsist on incomes near the poverty line. The Fair Market Rents index is approximately 20 percent lower in nonmetro areas than in metro areas and using this index to adjust income for spatial price differences results in a complete reversal of nonmetro-metro poverty rankings over the three measures from 1991 to 2002.


- Why did the Welfare Caseload Decline? Caroline Danielson, Welfare Policy Research Project, University of California. Jacob Alex Klerman, RAND. (#04-12) A substantial literature has considered the effects of welfare reform policies on the aggregate caseload but has been less successful in disaggregating the effects of specific policies. Using monthly caseload data from October 1989 through June 2003, the authors estimate a flexible model for the dynamic response of the welfare caseload to the economy and to the three major welfare reform policies. Their results are consistent with the predictions of economic theory and indicate the importance of carefully specifying the intensity and dynamics of policy changes and of including a rich set of measures of the economy.


- The Pitfalls of Using a Child Support Schedule Based on Outdated Data. William M. Rodgers III, Bloustein School of Public Policy, Rutgers University and John J. Heldrich Center for Workforce Development. Yana van der Meulen Rodgers, Department of Women and Gender Studies, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey. Revised September 2004. (#04-11) A strong rationale for updating child support guidelines arises from changes over time in the measurement of expenditures on children, as well as changes in the empirical relationship between expenditures on children and the income of parents. Such changes affect the accuracy of the numerics upon which states' child support guidelines are based. This study evaluates an alternative child support guideline that was proposed for Virginia and draws lessons for other states that similarly base their guidelines on older survey data. Regression results show that over time, the child expenditure and household income relationship has changed considerably. Furthermore, the largest increases in expenditures attributable to children have occurred for lower- and middle-income households.


- Single Mothers' Employment Dynamics and Adolescent Well-Being. Ariel Kalil, Ph.D., Harris School of Public Policy Studies, University of Chicago; Kathleen M. Ziol-Guest, M.P.A., Harris School of Public Policy Studies, University of Chicago. (#04-10) The booming economy of the mid-to-late 1990’s helped single mothers reach unprecedented employment levels. Researchers have been concerned with the largely unaddressed questions of whether single mothers who enter the workforce will be able to earn a living wage, the stability of women’s jobs over time, and the links between these job characteristics and child well-being. In this paper, the authors use data from a nationally-representative sample of single mothers whose employment experiences they observe over a two-year period during the mid-to-late 1990’s. Controlling for a wide array of background characteristics and potential selection factors, they find that, relative to being continuously employed in a good job, adolescents whose mothers lose a job without regaining employment show declines in mastery and self-esteem. Those whose mothers are continuously employed in a bad job show an increase in grade repetition and those whose mothers are either persistently out of the labor force or lose more than one job show an increased likelihood of school drop-out. These effects are largely unexplained by concomitant changes in family income.

• Next message: mev@litwomen.org: "[NIFL-POVRACELIT:1421] 2 events on women & literacy in Cambridge, MA"
• Previous message: Mary Ann Corley: "[NIFL-POVRACELIT:1419] National Adult Education Practitioner-Researcher Symposium"
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