[NIFL-POVRACELIT:1538] Re: Do we live in a racist and

From: Harriet Smith (hsmith@coe.tamu.edu)
Date: Mon Sep 12 2005 - 10:47:37 EDT


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Subject: [NIFL-POVRACELIT:1538] Re: Do we live in a racist and
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And because I'm the worst kind of public radio geek, I have to point out
that This American Life is not a National Public Radio program. It is
distributed instead by PRI - Public Radio International.
http://www.pri.org/PublicSite/inside/index.html

Harriet Smith
Adult Literacy Clearinghouse Director
Texas Center for the Advancement of Literacy & Learning


At 07:53 AM 9/12/2005, you wrote:
>NIFL-POVRACELIT Colleagues,
>
>Correction: The NPR radio program is This American Life.
>
>David J. Rosen
>
>On Sep 12, 2005, at 8:37 AM, David Rosen wrote:
>
>>NIFL-POVRACELIT Colleagues,
>>
>>The NPR radio program,  All Things Considered, this past weekend
>>had an intensely moving, one-hour piece called "After The Flood"
>>which is pertinent to this discussion.  On many public radio
>>stations it will be re-broadcast this weekend. (See http:// 
>>www.thislife.org/  for schedule.)  It is also available through
>>podcasts and, for a nominal cost, directly from NPR.
>>
>>David J. Rosen
>>djrosen@comcast.net
>>
>>On Sep 9, 2005, at 12:21 PM, Andres Muro wrote:
>>
>>
>>>In light of the UN report and the impact of the hurricane, do we
>>>live in
>>>a racist and classist society?
>>>
>>>Many would argue that we don't because our system does not
>>>intentionally take actions to prevent poor people and minorities from
>>>improving their social, economic conditions. This argument is
>>>questionable, however, assuming that this argument is correct, ie,
>>>nobody intentionally discriminates against the poor or minorities,
>>>do we
>>>live in a classist, racist society.
>>>
>>>History, societies and events are no assessed by the intention of the
>>>actors, but the consequences of the actions. So, we judge periods of
>>>historical times, not by the intentions of Washington, Queen
>>>Elizabeth,
>>>GW, Osama, but by the circumstances that were created.
>>>
>>>Racism and classism are defined as the differential treatment or
>>>consequences to a group given by certain circumstances. In other
>>>words,
>>>if given some conditions, or events, one group is impacted more
>>>negatively than another, then, there are social conditions that
>>>result
>>>in the discrimination of the group that suffered adversely.  If the
>>>group that suffered more adversity are the poor, then we have a
>>>classist
>>>society. If the group that suffered  more adversity are an ethnic
>>>minority, then we have racism, and so on and so for. Poverty is
>>>proof of
>>>classism, because a group is already suffering adverse conditions
>>>that
>>>they cannot overcome. Even if the intention of the society is to
>>>create
>>>the conditions for people to overcome poverty, as long as a
>>>significant
>>>group cannot overcome it, then we have a classist society.
>>>
>>>Now, looking at the events in Louisiana, did black people suffered
>>>more
>>>adversity than members of other ethnic groups, as a result of the
>>>circumstances? the answer is a resounding yes. Therefore, we have a
>>>racist society. Even if nobody wants to see blacks suffering and
>>>we all
>>>love blacks like we love our moms, the fact that blacks suffered much
>>>more adversity than other groups shows that we live in a racist
>>>society.
>>>
>>>
>>>Another thing: racism is not determined from the point of view of
>>>those
>>>in power, but from the perspective of the victims. If it were
>>>measured
>>>by the point of view of those in power, then they will claim that
>>>we did
>>>not have racism, because they did not intend to discriminate.
>>>
>>>So, given the fact that we do live in a racist society according
>>>to the
>>>analysis of the UN report and the consequences of the hurricane,
>>>what do
>>>we do? A society must change the conditions so that those that suffer
>>>more adversity than others stop suffering more adversity. It is as
>>>simple as that. As long as we don't systematically work towards
>>>changing
>>>the conditions so that some groups stop experiencing more
>>>adversity, we
>>>will continue to be a racist society.
>>>
>>>So, we can wear the labels proudly and admit that we are a bunch of
>>>racists, classists and sexists, or we change the conditions and
>>>create
>>>an egalitarian society.
>>>
>>>What do you all think? How does this relate to literacy? Do
>>>minorities
>>>have lower literacy achievement? Does this make us racist?
>>>
>>>Andres
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>>>>macorley1@earthlink.net 9/8/2005 6:35:48 PM >>>
>>>>>>
>>>UN Hits Back at US in Report Saying Parts of America Are as Poor as
>>>Third
>>>World
>>>
>>>By Paul Vallely
>>>     The Independent UK
>>>http://www.truthout.org/docs_2005/090805L.shtml
>>>     Thursday 08 September 2005
>>>
>>>Parts of the United States are as poor as the Third World, according
>>>to
>>>a shocking United Nations report on global inequality.
>>>
>>>Claims that the New Orleans floods have laid bare a growing racial
>>>and
>>>economic divide in the US have, until now, been rejected by the
>>>American
>>>political establishment as emotional rhetoric. But yesterday's UN
>>>report
>>>provides statistical proof that for many - well beyond those affected
>>>by the
>>>aftermath of Hurricane Katrina - the great American Dream is an
>>>ongoing
>>>nightmare.
>>>
>>>The document constitutes a stinging attack on US policies at home and
>>>abroad in a fightback against moves by Washington to undermine next
>>>week's
>>>UN 60th anniversary conference which will be the biggest gathering of
>>>world
>>>leaders in history.
>>>
>>>The annual Human Development Report normally concerns itself with the
>>>Third World, but the 2005 edition scrutinises inequalities in health
>>>provision inside the US as part of a survey of how inequality
>>>worldwide
>>>is
>>>retarding the eradication of poverty.
>>>
>>>It reveals that the infant mortality rate has been rising in the US
>>>for
>>>the past five years - and is now the same as Malaysia. America's
>>>black
>>>children are twice as likely as whites to die before their first
>>>birthday.
>>>
>>>The report is bound to incense the Bush administration as it provides
>>>ammunition for critics who have claimed that the fiasco following
>>>Hurricane
>>>Katrina shows that Washington does not care about poor black
>>>Americans.
>>>But
>>>the 370-page document is critical of American policies towards
>>>poverty
>>>abroad as well as at home. And, in unusually outspoken language, it
>>>accuses
>>>the US of having "an overdeveloped military strategy and an
>>>under-developed
>>>strategy for human security".
>>>
>>>"There is an urgent need to develop a collective security framework
>>>that
>>>goes beyond military responses to terrorism," it continues. " Poverty
>>>and
>>>social breakdown are core components of the global security threat."
>>>
>>>The document, which was written by Kevin Watkins, the former head of
>>>research at Oxfam, will be seen as round two in the battle between
>>>the
>>>UN
>>>and the US, which regards the world body as an unnecessary constraint
>>>on its
>>>strategic interests and actions.
>>>
>>>Last month John Bolton, the new US ambassador to the UN, submitted
>>>750
>>>amendments to the draft declaration for next week's summit to
>>>strengthen the
>>>UN and review progress towards its Millennium Development Goals to
>>>halve
>>>world poverty by 2015.
>>>
>>>The report launched yesterday is a clear challenge to Washington. The
>>>Bush administration wants to replace multilateral solutions to
>>>international
>>>problems with a world order in which the US does as it likes on a
>>>bilateral
>>>basis.
>>>
>>>"This is the UN coming out all guns firing," said one UN insider. "It
>>>means that, even if we have a lame duck secretary general after the
>>>Volcker
>>>report (on the oil-for-food scandal), the rest of the organisation is
>>>not
>>>going to accept the US bilateralist agenda."
>>>
>>>The clash on world poverty centres on the US policy of promoting
>>>growth
>>>and trade liberalisation on the assumption that this will trickle
>>>down
>>>to
>>>the poor. But this will not stop children dying, the UN says. Growth
>>>alone
>>>will not reduce poverty so long as the poor are denied full access to
>>>health, education and other social provision. Among the world's poor,
>>>infant
>>>mortality is falling at less than half of the world average. To
>>>tackle
>>>that
>>>means tackling inequality - a message towards which John Bolton and
>>>his
>>>fellow US neocons are deeply hostile.
>>>
>>>India and China, the UN says, have been very successful in wealth
>>>creation but have not enabled the poor to share in the process. A
>>>rapid
>>>decline in child mortality has therefore not materialised. Indeed,
>>>when
>>>it
>>>comes to reducing infant deaths, India has now been overtaken by
>>>Bangladesh,
>>>which is only growing a third as fast.
>>>
>>>Poverty could be halved in just 17 years in Kenya if the poorest
>>>people
>>>were enabled to double the amount of economic growth they can achieve
>>>at
>>>present.
>>>
>>>Inequality within countries is as stark as the gaps between
>>>countries,
>>>the UN says. Poverty is not the only issue here. The death rate for
>>>girls in
>>>India is now 50 per cent higher than for boys. Gender bias means
>>>girls
>>>are
>>>not given the same food as boys and are not taken to clinics as often
>>>when
>>>they are ill. Foetal scanning has also reduced the number of girls
>>>born.
>>>
>>>The only way to eradicate poverty, it says, is to target
>>>inequalities.
>>>Unless that is done the Millennium Development Goals will never be
>>>met.
>>>And
>>>41 million children will die unnecessarily over the next 10 years.
>>>Decline in health care
>>>
>>>Child mortality is on the rise in the United States
>>>
>>>For half a century the US has seen a sustained decline in the number
>>>of
>>>children who die before their fifth birthday. But since 2000 this
>>>trend
>>>has
>>>been reversed.
>>>
>>>Although the US leads the world in healthcare spending - per head of
>>>population it spends twice what other rich OECD nations spend on
>>>average, 13
>>>per cent of its national income - this high level goes
>>>disproportionately on
>>>the care of white Americans. It has not been targeted to eradicate
>>>large
>>>disparities in infant death rates based on race, wealth and state of
>>>residence.
>>>
>>>The infant mortality rate in the US is now the same as in Malaysia
>>>
>>>High levels of spending on personal health care reflect America's
>>>cutting-edge medical technology and treatment. But the paradox at the
>>>heart
>>>of the US health system is that, because of inequalities in health
>>>financing, countries that spend substantially less than the US have,
>>>on
>>>average, a healthier population. A baby boy from one of the top 5 per
>>>cent
>>>richest families in America will live 25 per cent longer than a boy
>>>born in
>>>the bottom 5 per cent and the infant mortality rate in the US is the
>>>same as
>>>Malaysia, which has a quarter of America's income.
>>>
>>>Blacks in Washington DC have a higher infant death rate than
>>>people in
>>>the Indian state of Kerala
>>>
>>>The health of US citizens is influenced by differences in insurance,
>>>income, language and education. Black mothers are twice as likely as
>>>white
>>>mothers to give birth to a low birthweight baby. And their
>>>children are
>>>more
>>>likely to become ill.
>>>
>>>Throughout the US black children are twice as likely to die before
>>>their
>>>first birthday.
>>>
>>>Hispanic Americans are more than twice as likely as white
>>>Americans to
>>>have no health cover
>>>
>>>The US is the only wealthy country with no universal health insurance
>>>system. Its mix of employer-based private insurance and public
>>>coverage
>>>does
>>>not reach all Americans. More than one in six people of working age
>>>lack
>>>insurance. One in three families living below the poverty line are
>>>uninsured. Just 13 per cent of white Americans are uninsured,
>>>compared
>>>with
>>>21 per cent of blacks and 34 per cent of Hispanic Americans. Being
>>>born
>>>into
>>>an uninsured household increases the probability of death before the
>>>age of
>>>one by about 50 per cent.
>>>
>>>More than a third of the uninsured say that they went without medical
>>>care last year because of cost
>>>
>>>Uninsured Americans are less likely to have regular outpatient care,
>>>so
>>>they are more likely to be admitted to hospital for avoidable health
>>>problems.
>>>
>>>More than 40 per cent of the uninsured do not have a regular place to
>>>receive medical treatment. More than a third say that they or someone
>>>in
>>>their family went without needed medical care, including prescription
>>>drugs,
>>>in the past year because they lacked the money to pay.
>>>
>>>If the gap in health care between black and white Americans was
>>>eliminated it would save nearly 85,000 lives a year. Technological
>>>improvements in medicine save about 20,000 lives a year.
>>>
>>>Child poverty rates in the United States are now more than 20 per
>>>cent.
>>>
>>>Child poverty is a particularly sensitive indicator for income
>>>poverty
>>>in rich countries. It is defined as living in a family with an income
>>>below
>>>50 per cent of the national average.
>>>
>>>The US - with Mexico - has the dubious distinction of seeing its
>>>child
>>>poverty rates increase to more than 20 per cent. In the UK - which at
>>>the
>>>end of the 1990s had one of the highest child poverty rates in
>>>Europe -
>>>the
>>>rise in child poverty, by contrast, has been reversed through
>>>increases
>>>in
>>>tax credits and benefits.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>
>

___________________________________
Harriet Vardiman Smith
Clearinghouse Director
Texas Center for the Advancement of Literacy & Learning
State Partner in the National LINCS System
Texas A&M University
800-441-READ
website:  www-tcall.tamu.edu
main office email:  tcall@coe.tamu.edu


"Illiteracy and innumeracy are a greater threat to humanity than terrorism."
  -- Amaratya Sen,  2003 Nobel prize-winning economist.



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